Many Mormons died in the cold, harsh winter months as they made their way over the Rocky Mountains to Utah. The cholera scourge of 1850 followed the Mormons far out on the trail, with many hundreds of them succumbing to its ravages in the first 400 miles of the journey. Smith had to move his people many times. Why did Mormons leave their settlement in Ohio and move west?a.The valley where they settled had frequent floods.b.Their social and religious beliefs clashed with those of other settlers.c.They were frequently attacked by Native Americans.d.They wanted to separate from the United States. 7. Who were the forty-niners? Anonymous. Expecting the Mormons to resist, Buchanan ordered an expeditionary force of 2,500 soldiers to the territory. What were the Mormons hardships? The Mormons, as they were commonly known, had moved west to escape religious discrimination. Despite this, complete federal dominance was slow in coming. Why did the Mormons move west and where did they settle? Many Americans, particularly by the 19th century, believed it was an intrinsic right to claim land in the West. if Europe colonized the world, you think people worship light skin? After the murder of founder and prophet Joseph Smith, they knew they had to leave their old settlement in … Why did so many Americans move west during the 19th century? It was later renamed Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Unwilling to give up the territory, Young made plans to burn Salt Lake City and move his followers to Mexico, but at the last minute, he relented and agreed to step down as governor on April 12, 1858. Relevancia. Our cookies are delicious. During the nineteenth century there were many different types of people moving west over America. They were terrible neighbors and made enemies where ever they settled. Back in the 19th century, many Mormons were tortured and even killed for their beliefs. The assertions, made by a group of Latter Day Saint members, also charged that Smith was a fallen prophet and that he had acquired too much power. Many people became members of the new church. In 1869 the Transcontinental Railroad was completed, and soon large numbers of “Gentiles” arrived in Utah to stay. If Germans believe in Christ how did they get easily tricked into starting war? They were finally driven out, an unprecedented move. Smith was then arrested and jailed in Carthage, Iowa on charges of treason. Mormon Temple in Nauvoo, Illinois by Kathy Weiser-Alexander. They spread their religion the west. In 1844, after a mob murdered Joseph Smith, the Church's new leader Brigham Young took the Mormons west. Upon arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormons developed and cultivated the arid terrain to make it more suitable. In short, the Mormon community moved west because they were not safe in Missouri and Illinois. By Staff Writer Last Updated Apr 9, 2020 2:44:22 PM ET. Neighbors persecuted them for their faith, people offended them, they had to learn new ways to farm and survive. Why did the Mormons move west in the United States of America? They also began to build, laying out farms, creating irrigation systems, and constructing homes, churches, and schools. They made laws that favored them, practiced polygamy, and had a huge standing army. Afterward, they came by railroad, continuing the resettlement until 1890. Mormons used the mormon trail to flee westward to escape religious judgement. However, on January 12, 1838, after a financial scandal effectively caused the collapse of the Ohio church, Smith fled an arrest warrant and joined his followers in Missouri. However, the practice was vigorously opposed elsewhere in the United States, threatening the church’s existence as a legal institution. Growing in numbers, Smith sent followers to Jackson County, Missouri, in an attempt to establish a City of Zion as the biblical New Jerusalem. Brigham Young became the new leader of the Mormons. How did you people who were alive in the 80's work without internet? The church split when Joseph Smith said that Mormons could have more than one wife. 1 Countless stories have been told and recorded of the trials and tribulations of the Mormon pioneers. Under the command of General William S. Harney, the troops marched from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, on July 18, 1857, hoping to occupy Utah by fall. How is the USA better than Canada or Europe? They created irrigation systems, laid out farms, built houses, churches and schools. Missouri’s “old settlers,” characterized the Mormons as fanatics whose clannish behavior made a mockery of republican institutions by placing power in the hands of a single man. In … Nauvoo during the Mormon period (1839 - 1846). Situated near Independence, the Mormon settlers were driven out of the county in 1833, then settling in Clay and Caldwell Counties of Missouri. Though the Mormons had been considering migrating West, beyond the reach of the United States government, before their founder’s murder, the crime solidified this intention. Smith then taught his followers that the church needed endowment of heavenly power before redeeming Zion, and he soon began construction of an expensive temple in Kirtland where the endowment was to occur. They were driven out of their homes. Migration of the Mormons to the west continued in organized companies along the Mormon Trail until 1869. Polygamy was finally announced to the general membership in Utah in 1854 after it was too late for most of them to try to leave. Lv 7. hace 1 década. Because everyplace they moved to east of the Missouri sooner or later they found themselves facing riots and mobs. Over the next year, an estimated 10,000 Mormons were forced to leave the state, most settling in or near what would become the city of Nauvoo, Illinois. venus_smrf. Others contended the Mormons were essentially in a state of rebellion against the United States. Broken up over the deaths, the council chose Brigham Young as their leader and decided to move westward. They were terrible neighbors and made enemies where ever they settled. They toiled across Iowa and Missouri during the years of 1845-46, settling down again at points on the Missouri River. They moved in with large numbers, used block voting to sway local elections, drove up land prices and used speculation to make it hard for locals. Most Americans that traveled West were in search of land, a new life, or business opportunities. However, they were targeted by other Christians who disagreed with Mormon practices such as polygamy. We use cookies. In June 1845 the leader of the Mormons, Joseph Smith, was murdered. Though John D. Lee, the only Mormon punished for the tragedy, would claim that he was acting under direct orders from Young, the church leader was later pardoned for any alleged role in the atrocity. The first and only edition of the Nauvoo Expositor ran an article that claimed Smith was practicing polygamy and that he intended to set himself up as a theocratic king. The Mormon Church was founded in New York after Joseph Smith, Jr. claimed to have found a buried book of golden plates written by ancient American prophets in the late 1820s. In search of a new home Religious persecution. What did the people of England begin using and producing around the same time as the American Revolution? Although the campaign was bloodless, Mormon militiamen were successful in impeding the progress of U.S. forces, which were forced into winter encampment near Fort Bridger, Wyoming in the fall of 1857. The next year, Young led a large band of Mormons up the Platte Valley, across the plains and mountains to the Great Salt Lake in present-day Utah. Summary -The Mining Frontier -The Farming Frontier -The Manifest Destiny - Technolgical advancements - Migration of the Mormons -Conditions in the East Social Reasons Territorial Reasons - The Indian Removal Act (1830)- Explaining the problems faced by the Mormons in the West, and the reasons for their move to Nauvoo and Salt Lake City. The religion was originally founded by Joseph Smith in the early nineteenth century. Upon arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormons publicly announced the practice of plural marriage, which Smith had instituted in secret some years earlier. Young led the Mormons west into what would become Utah territory, and established what, in effect, was a mini-theocracy in the Salt Lake valley with Young as its leader. © Kathy Weiser/Legends of America, updated March 2020. They moved into areas in large numbers, speculated on land and drove up prices, used block voting to control local politics and shut out the original settlers. Young sends groups of Mormons to settle in various parts of the intermountain west. Viewing the army as a hostile invasion force, Brigham Young mobilized the Utah Militia and began preparations for a guerrilla war. Though much of the trail is no longer visible, long stretches of the trail can still be seen in Wyoming and several sites still exist that can be visited. However, it was at the height of the conflict, that the members of the Fancher–Baker wagon train were slaughtered on September 11, 1857, in what became known as the Mountain Meadows Massacre. | Westward Expansion Books Grade 5 | Children's American History by Baby Professor and Publisher Speedy Publishing LLC. On this day in 1846, Young abandoned Nauvoo and began leading 1,600 Mormons west across the frozen Mississippi in subzero temperatures to a temporary refuge at Sugar Grove, Iowa. The Mormons settled in the Salt Lake Valley, which at that time was used as a buffer zone between the Shoshones and the Utes, who were at war. After the murder of founder and prophet Joseph Smith, they knew they had to leave their old settlement in Illinois. In a series of church-sanctioned essays released in October of 2014, the Mormon Church acknowledged for the first time that Smith had between 30 and 40 wives during his time as leader. Why did Mormons Move West?Many people fear others who are different. There were a variety of reasons, but most of it came down to the fact that the people in various states considered the Mormons some sort of threat. Get your answers by asking now. Afterward, several smaller groups broke with the main Church of Latter Day Saints, over the issue of plural marriage, forming several denominations of Mormon fundamentalism. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This ignited what became known as the Utah War, a confrontation that lasted from May 1857 until July 1858. The Mormons were a religious group who practised a type of Christianity. This work, published in 1830, as the Book of Mormon, served as a foundation for Smith’s organization, first called the Church of Christ, established April 6, 1830. Why Did the Mormons Move West? 15 Answers. Due to the hostility shown towards the Mormons, he decided they needed to move somewhere safer. and find homework help for other Western Expansion, Manifest Destiny, and the Mexican-American War questions at eNotes The term ‘West’ referred to the area in western America just between the1850 or the period between the American civil war and 1900. We moved West to escape the mobs and persecutions that we were daily facing. Relevance. Missionary efforts led to outposts at Ft. Lemhi, Idaho, Las Vegas, Nevada and Elk Mountain in east-central Utah. We moved West to escape the mobs and persecutions that we were daily facing. Publicly, while Smith was teaching religious doctrines, he was also secretly introducing the practice of polygamy among his members, as well as a symbolic Millennial legislature that made him the king. There were multiple reasons for westward expansion, including everything from ideological to practical motivations. What were some of the hardships the Mormons faced? If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Westward Expansion Books Grade 5 Children's American History, ISBN 1541960424, ISBN-13 9781541960428, Brand New, Free shipping in the US

Salt Lake City, Utah by James Ackerman, 1851. In the end, the Utah War started a slow decline for Mormon isolation and power in Utah. Why did the Mormons move West? While the Platte River was the main Mormon Trail to Fort Kearny, Nebraska, second in importance was their use of the original trail from Independence to Fort Kearny, especially by the thousands of Mormons who emigrated from England, and by boats via New Orleans and St. Louis to Independence, or by rail via New York. Required fields are marked *. Why Did The Mormons Move West? Stenhouse, 1873. What caused dissolution in the soviet union and what prevented that from occurring in the US? Favorite Answer. Save up to 80% by choosing the eTextbook option for ISBN: 9781541963429, 1541963423. Others, however, laughed at some of the beliefs of the Mormons. What were some of the legacis the Mormons left behind? Almost immediately, Brigham Young sent out scouting parties to identify and claim additional settlement sites, minerals and other resources. Before his death, Joseph Smith had prophesied that the Mormons would move west and become a “mighty people in … … Based on the new OCR SHP History 9-1 Specification. Those top leaders thought they'd get in less trouble if they moved to Mexican territory - as Utah was back then. They soon lost control of the executive branch and the federal district courts but maintained political authority in the Territorial Legislature. For a while, they settled in the state of Illinois, in a town they built and called Nauvoo. In 1890, church leader and Prophet, Wilford Woodruff, announced that he had received a revelation, which officially discontinued the practice of plural marriage. Today, Latter Day Saints view Joseph and Hyrum as martyrs. Get an answer for 'Why did people move to the West in the 1800s?' The first community established in the Salt Lake Valley in 1847 was called Bountiful. Respuesta Guardar. Americans began to move to the West immediately after the American civil war, a practice that was supported by the government of the day though most of the native Indians in these areas were not for that idea. Join Yahoo Answers and get 100 points today. what was the Mormon's legacy? 1849 A provisional State of Deseret is organized, but it is not approved by the U.S. Congress. Violence broke out again at an election riot in Gallatin on August 6, 1838, and before long, “old settler” mobs and Mormon paramilitary units roamed the countryside. This led to trouble. Afterward, they came by railroad, continuing the resettlement until 1890. How did you people who were alive in the 00's live and work without smartphones? For some of them, it gave them an opportunity to own their land, especially after Congress started passing the Homestead Acts in 1862. Why Amtrak Joe Synonymous With The Current United States President Joe Biden. The print version … The 1838 Mormon War, also known as the Missouri Mormon War, was a conflict between Mormons and non-Mormons in Missouri from August to November 1838, the first of the three "Mormon Wars".. Members of the Latter Day Saint movement, founded by Joseph Smith, had gradually migrated from New York to northwestern Missouri since 1831, mainly settling in Jackson County, where tensions with non … One of these groups was the religious group, the Mormons. Broad and barren planes Had to find new ways to farm Dry desert climates. Explaining the problems faced by the Mormons in the West, and the reasons for their move to Nauvoo and Salt Lake City. Before long, new settlements were made as far south as Mexico, west into California, north into Idaho and Canada, and east into Wyoming. Smith said the Angel Moroni, who was the guardian of these plates, had directed him to these writings and that his mission was to publish a translation of this book. Brigham Young maintained a “shadow government” for years and conflict between the Mormons and the federal government, particularly over the issue of polygamy, would continue for nearly 40 years. As the colonizer and founder of Salt Lake City, Brigham Young was appointed the territory’s first governor and superintendent of Indian affairs by President Millard Fillmore. They went to Utah to set up their own Utopia, Like Plymouth and the Puritans, too completely escape their persecuters. Trouble with the Indians caused them to build a town across the river near the present city of Council Bluffs, calling it “Kanesville.” Nearly 15,000 of them located at a point north of Omaha, near present-day Florence, Nebraska, calling it “The Winter Quarters.”. However, by the mid-1850s federal officials received reports that Young was electing only Mormons to become government officials and non-Mormon settlers were frequently complaining of harassment and abuse at the hands of the Latter Day Saints. Smith’s paramilitary campaign to redeem the area was unsuccessful. Mountain Meadows Massacre, T.B.H. Mormons pulling handcarts, by Hannah Cowan, Bureau of Land Management, Porter Rockwell – Destroying Angel of Mormondom, Joseph Smith, Jr. – Founder of the Mormon Church. Upon arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormons publicly announced the practice of plural marriage, which Smith had instituted in secret some years earlier. Byways & Historic Trails – Great Drives in America, Your email address will not be published. For most of the 1830s, Smith lived with the majority of his church members in Kirtland, Ohio. Rising star of far right is causing headaches for some, Trump pardons ex-strategist Bannon, dozens of others, Trashy end to Ben Affleck's latest high-profile romance, Melania Trump breaks long first lady tradition, Mask guidance for more contagious virus strain, Harry Brant, son of Stephanie Seymour, dead at 24, Tiffany Trump announces engagement with WH photo, Pelosi tells Trump to 'man up' and admit he lost, MyPillow CEO: Products were dropped after fraud claims, Soldier accused of plotting ISIS strike at 9/11 Memorial. Plural marriage would become the faith’s most famous characteristic during the 19th century. The Mormons, as they were commonly known, had moved west to escape religious discrimination. Polygamy was also illegal in Mexico, but they assumed they'd be far enough away to get away with it. Mormons had been considering moving west -- beyond the borders of the United States -- since before Joseph Smith's 1844 murder, but his assassination made it … In … 1 decade ago. Between August and November 1838, more than 20 Mormons were killed. This is quite a different story than Mormons today tell themselves, but it is well documented. The soldiers had come to force the Cherokees to move to a new territory farther west. The top level was into polygamy and lied about it to their own people. The main church distanced itself from these groups and began to promote the mainstream American view of monogamous families. President Buchanan’s concern that Brigham Young was intent on making Deseret, as Utah was then known, an independent state prompted him to install a non-Mormon governor. Death and Hardship on the Mormon Trail . 15 respuestas. When many of the Kirtland church members followed him to Missouri, tensions escalated with the old Missouri settlers, which led to what has become known as the Missouri Mormon War. In 1839, Smith directed the construction of a second temple in Nauvoo, as well as becoming the mayor of the new town, and commander of the Nauvoo Legion, a large and nearly autonomous branch of the Illinois militia. Other groups soon followed, and the Mormon towns of Florence and Kanesville, which, at their height, had contained long streets that were lined with stores and residences, were practically deserted by 1851-52. Your email address will not be published. Young quickly organized a militia, created Indian missions, directed the building of roads, and established businesses and services to allow the territory to be self-sustaining. People had little time to gather their belongings before being herded into camps. While he was awaiting trial, an armed mob of men with painted faces stormed the jail and shot him and his brother Hyrum to death. No other group has gotten such a bad response. Fillmore, Utah, intended to be the capitol of the new territory, was established in 1851. Respuesta preferida. The forty-niners were California migrants. Young and his followers were pardoned for acts of rebellion, and U.S. forces established Camp Floyd 40 miles southwest of Salt Lake City. Why Did People Move West? From there, 13,000 Cherokees were forced to walk one thousand miles to Oklahoma, where they had been promised a new place to live. You are mistaken On July 24, 1847, an exhausted Brigham Young and his fellow members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints arrived in Utah's Great Salt Lake Valley and called it home. (Last Privacy Policy Update July 2020), Soldiers and Officers in American History, Alva Gould – Discoverer of the Famous Gould and Curry Mine, Honest Miner To a Poker-Playing Politician, Old Tom – A Typical Mining Camp Character, Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Colorado. Still have questions? People agreed to move west for many different and highly personal reasons. In 1844, Smith ran for President of the United States but, by this time, there were several church members that had begun to question him. In November 1978, Congress established the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail as part of the National Trails System, which commemorates the 1846-47 journey of the Mormon people from Nauvoo, Illinois to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. Utah was finally made a state in 1896. In the spring of 1846, Brigham Young sent out 80 wagons equipped to travel into the Rocky Mountains, where it was rumored that an inland sea, with fertile lands bordering it, awaited their coming, and where they could build up an empire outside of the jurisdiction of the United States. 4 Answers. The almost 1,300-mile-long trail is managed as a cooperative effort among private landowners, trail associations, state and local agencies, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S. Forest Service. The next year, lands were purchased in present-day Ogdon and in 1859, Tooele, Provo, and Manti were founded. Migration of the Mormons to the west continued in organized companies along the Mormon Trail until 1869. Kirkland, Ohio Mormon Temple, courtesy Wikipedia. 125,000 Mormons … why did Mormons move west? Why did the Mormons move to Salt Lake City? All along the Mormon trail, and during the years that the pioneers traversed this great trek west, hundreds of Saints of all ages, especially the young and elderly, died from hunger, cold, sickness, disease, and exhaustion. They abandoned their jobs, farms, homes and families. Whenever we encountered people who began to harm us, we decided to move to another city to prevent suffering. After doing so they boarded ships and flooded overland trails. The extent of Young’s involvement in the massacre has been a subject of much controversy virtually since the day of the tragic event. Ironically, the US bought the Western territories as soon as they moved there. Forced to leave the State of Missouri by order of the governor, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (commonly called Mormons or Latter Day Saints) began streaming into Illinois and the then Iowa Territory in the harsh winter of 1838-39. Smith, who was then serving as Nauvoo Mayor, responded by destroying the newspaper’s facilities and declaring martial law to corral the local outrage. The Mormons, as they were commonly known, had moved west to escape religious discrimination. The purpose of the Mormons moving was to escape further persecution- they wanted the religious freedom that they were not getting in the East. When the Mormons attacked an authorized militia group, under the belief it was an anti-Mormon mob, Missouri’s governor, Lilburn Boggs, ordered them expelled from the state, or “exterminated,” if necessary. 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